The submitted study presents and analyzes the rights of persons injured by crime in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic and discusses the principles of damages in so-called adhesion proceedings as part of criminal proceedings. At the same time, it offers a view of adhesion proceedings as part of criminal proceeding in which the court decides on the private claims of the victim arising out of a criminal offense. It also deals with the status of the victim of the crime, which is not always the same as that of the injured as a party to the criminal proceedings.