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1303 Frugal InnovationsManufacturing Cleaner andethical produtionLessproductionwasteDesign forremanufacturingDisassemble it into useful parts,which can be directly reused inanother product.Improvement around assembly,reparability, refurbishment, anddisassembly.Distributionand packagingSales andmarketingReusable andrecyclablepackagingEcologicaltransportationDesign for lowimpact materialsRecycled, renewable, andgreener packagingUse phaseFewerconsumablesneededLower/cleanerenergyconsumptionPersuasivedesignUnderstand how you canincrease people%u2019s ability andmotivation to behave sustainably.Designfor easeof maintenanceand repairOptimise the initial lifetime byoffering extended-life productsthat are multifunctional, easy tomaintain and repair. Optimisingthe function of products andensuring most suitable servicelife.Design forupgradability and adaptabilityAllow for future expansion andmodification. Product lifeextension %u2013 keep the productalive and relevant (modernisation)and enable personalisation (e.g.different storage size options inphones)Design for reuse Second life, alternative use of theproduct. For example, can an oldphone work as a burglar alarm?Head for second-hand markets.