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125%u25aa Ideating %u2013 the third stage involves brainstorming and generating a widerange of creative ideas.The third stage goal is to explore multiple possible solutions withoutjudgement or constraints. Techniques such as brainstorming, mind mapping,and sketching are commonly used to encourage free thinking and promoteinnovative ideas. This stage fosters a culture of creativity and encouragesparticipants to think beyond conventional solutions. During this stage, themain steps are: using brainstorming techniques and creative ideation.%u25aa Prototyping %u2013 the fourth stage involves transforming selected ideas fromthe ideation stage into tangible representations.The fourth stage consists in creating prototypes that could be a physicalmodel, a digital prototype, or any other form that allows you to gatherfeedback and test the viability of the proposed solutions. Prototypes serve asa means to explore and validate ideas, make design iterations, and gatherinsights from users. The focus is on quick and low-cost iterations to learn andrefine the design. It reduces the risk of investing significant resources in ideasthat may not resonate with users or meet their needs. During this stage, themain steps are: choosing types of prototype and creating effectiveprototypes.%u25aa Testing %u2013 the fifth stage involves testing the prototypes with users orstakeholders to gather feedback and evaluate the proposed solutions.The fifth stage helps to validate assumptions, uncover any usability issues orareas for improvement, and gain insights into user preferences and reactions.Based on the feedback received, it is possible to iterate and refine the designfurther, returning to previous stages if necessary. This reduces the likelihoodof costly failures and increases the chances of success on the market. Duringthis stage, the main steps are: user testing and iterative design.%u25aa Implementing %u2013 the final stage has the goal of bringing the refined andtested solution to life and integrate it into the real world.During the sixth stage, the main steps are: scaling innovation and launchingnew products/services.It%u2019s important to note that the design thinking process is not strictly linear, anditerations between stages are common. Design thinkers often cycle back andforth between stages, refining their understanding, generating new ideas, anditerating on prototypes based on user feedback. This iterative nature allows forcontinuous improvement and optimisation of the design solution.By following this cyclical process of empathising, defining, ideating,3.2 Innovations and Design Thinking