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capital, and payments of other Member States in the same way as their own.The free movement of goods is also ensured thanks to the prohibition of allcustoms duties on imports and exports and of all charges having an equivalenteffect. Similarly, quantitative restrictions on imports and exports as well asmeasures having an equivalent effect are prohibited. However, EU law allowsfor several exceptions to this prohibition, e.g. %u201con grounds of public morality,public policy or public security; the protection of health and life of humans,animals or plants; the protection of national treasures possessing artistic,historic or archaeological value; or the protection of industrial and commercialproperty. Such prohibitions or restrictions shall not, however, constitute ameans of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade betweenMember States%u201d (Art. 36 of the TFEU). Moreover, Member States may restricttrade to satisfy mandatory requirements, for example, relating to theeffectiveness of fiscal supervision, the protection of public health, the fairnessof commercial transactions or the defence of the consumer (see the well-knownjudgement from Case 120/78, known as the Cassis de Dijon case).For the free movement of people, the prohibition of any discrimination on thegrounds of nationality is central. This prohibition includes direct discriminationon the grounds of nationality, which would be the case if, in official matches,football clubs could only field a limited number of professional players who arenationals of other Member States (C-415/93, Bosman), if only Spanish citizenscould apply for a job as a primary school teacher in Spain, or if a Hungarianwould like to register as a resident in Luxembourg, handed in all the necessarydocuments to the local authorities but was refused. The prohibition ondiscrimination also covers cases of indirect discrimination. Here, the differenttreatment does not result directly from the fact that the person is a citizen ofanother Member State. Indirect discrimination includes various requirementsthat both citizens of the given Member State and foreign nationals must meet,but as a rule, the fulfilment of these requirements is more difficult for foreignnationals. For example, the requirement to master French as the officiallanguage at a certain level for all job applicants in France regardless of the typeof the job. For most citizens of France, French is their native language, so theywould have no problem fulfilling such a requirement. However, it coulddiscourage job seekers from other Member States. Member States are able.to justify different treatment on the grounds of public policy, public security,or public health. In the case of indistinctly applicable measures, they can.also benefit from other grounds of justification, so-called mandatory orimperative requirements, such as protection of workers, cohesion of a taxsystem, or support for the use of the national language. These requirementshave to be appropriate and necessary to attain the legitimate objective beingpursued.171.1 Dynamic European Integration Environment